PLASTIC SURGERY: EMOTIONAL EDGE

How do you know you need plastic surgery? First, consider the distinction between reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. Some cases are clearly necessary, such as a baby born with a misshapen head or a cleft palate. Or when an accident breaks the bones of a girl’s face and gouges out a chunk of flesh, leaving a deep hollow. Such victims often suffer social ostracism that warps their self-esteem.
Similarly, the psychological impact of losing a breast to cancer only now is; being appreciated by doctors. Women who have had mastectomies overwhelmingly talk of losing their sense of being a woman and their sexual drive, of feeling somehow ashamed. Having the breast rebuilt by surgeons has made it easier for many of these women to cope.
Peggy Palmer, a former junior high school teacher from Tucson, at first did not want a breast reconstruction be-, cause, she says, “1 had to deal with the shock of having cancer.” But the prosthesis proved uncomfortable. Now, with her breast reconstructed, she wears a bathing suit with a plunging neckline. “I am so pleased,” she says.
And the latest development: In some cases, doctors start breast reconstruction during the surgery   that   removes the organ. The surgeon leaves the nipple and enough skin and muscle so that it is easier to add either tissue or plastic implants. Any woman facing a mastectomy should ask her doctor about this.
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ENZYME DEFICIENCIES: PHENYLKETONURIA AND GALACTOSEMIA

More than a hundred enzyme deficiencies have been identified. These are generally inherited and are sometimes called inborn errors of metabolism. Many of them are evident shortly after birth and others are acquired later in life.
Phenylketonuria
Clinical findings. Phenylketonuria occurs in about 1 infant of every 10,000. The infant is born without the enzyme necessary to use phenylalanine, one of the essential amino acids. As a result the level of the blood phenylalanine is increased and phenylketones are also excreted in the urine – hence the name phenylketonuria (PKU). The deficiency can be diagnosed shortly after birth by blood and urine tests.
High blood levels of phenylalanine are toxic. The infants are usually blond, blue-eyed, fair, and often have eczema. Untreated infants are hyperactive, irritable, and have an unpleasant personality. They have a persistent musty or gamey body odor caused by the production of the phenylketones. If the disease is not diagnosed in the first months of life, mental retardation is usually severe.
Dietary management. Phenylketonuria is successfully treated by a phenyla-lanine-restricted diet when diagnosis is made in the first months of life. If treatment is delayed, the mental retardation that has occurred cannot be reversed.
The phenylalanine is adjusted to maintain a normal level in the blood. Since this is an essential amino acid, some must be provided to meet normal growth needs. This has been estimated to be 20 to 30 mg per kg. Thus, a 3-month infant weighing 6 kg would need 120 to 180 mg phenylalanine daily.
Proteins contain about 5 per cent phenylalanine. The recommended allowance for protein for a 6 kg infant is about 13 gm. From milk formulas and supplementary foods this would supply 650 mg phenylalanine, which is about 4 to 5 times as much as he should have.
A special formula Lofenalac is used for these infants. It supplies just enough phenylalanine for growth and is adequate for all other nutrients. As the infant grows, ordinary foods that are low in phenylalanine are added. Mothers are given detailed food lists for fruits, vegetables, breads, and cereals from which to choose, and careful instructions are needed for measurement. Even low-protein foods such as fruits contain some phenylalanine and must be given in measured amounts.
Successful treatment depends upon dietary adjustment at frequent intervals-
Based upon the blood levels of phenylalanine the diet is adjusted so that the amount furnished to the body is just sufficient for growth needs. As the child grows the diet is increased to meet all nutritional requirements. The low-phenylalanine diet is continued throughout the early years of childhood. Whether it needs to be continued indefinitely is not yet known.
Galactosemia
Clinical findings. From birth infants with this condition lack transferase, a liver enzyme that converts galactose to glucose. Galactose is one of the simple sugars resulting when lactose is digested. When the enzyme is absent the levels of galactose in the blood reach toxic levels. A few days after birth the infant has vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, edema, liver failure, and hemorrhage. If the infant survives, mental retardation is severe.
Dietary management. A galactose-free formula must be started within the first few days of life. Nutramigen, ProSobee, Mul-Soy, and MBF (Meat-Base Formula) are suitable. Since milk is the only food that supplies lactose, other foods are added to the infant’s diet as he grows. All milk-containing foods must be rigidly excluded.
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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE 2

I have been able to prove for myself that Echinacea activates the immune system, and that it is therefore a great aid to the body’s resistance to micro-organisms. Time and again I have seen those with a weak lymphatic system and who suffer constant attacks of colds and catarrh, particularly children, overcome this susceptibility when put on regular medication with Echinacea preparations such as Echinaforce. Many parents have told me that their children have become more resistant to infectious diseases; the same is true of sensitive adults. Because of my practical experience, I maintain that Echinacea builds up the body’s own defences, above all, the efficiency of the phagocytes.

Scientists have discovered that Echinacea is able to render the hyaluronidase (an enzyme) produced by bacteria ineffective, preventing their proliferation. This helps us to understand why Echinacea neutralises snake poison, which also contains hyaluronidase.

Without doubt, Echinaforce can be used with confidence for every case of infection or infectious disease. It supports the body in every part where its defence mechanism needs to be improved, increasing overall resistance.

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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE

Scientific research has confirmed that Echinacea improves and builds up immunity, even though it has not been possible, to date, to isolate a specific substance that is responsible for its remedial effect. I myself am convinced that no such active substances will ever be discovered because it is not some specific chemical that can be credited with the medicinal effect, but the complex of vital substances contained in the plant as a whole. It is the same with all other medicinal herbs; it is the entirety of substance – all the active and supporting substances in the plant – that achieves the desirable results. This is especially true in the case of a herb whose properties stimulate the immune system, since it acts not just on a single organ but on the body as a unit.

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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – REINFORCING THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

Researchers have been taking a keen interest in Echinacea, with the aim of isolating its medicinal properties. First they tried, without success, to find the substances that prevent the growth and development of pathogenic organisms, since it was thought that this is what happens.

It was much later, however, when they discovered that the effect of Echinacea is not attributable to some antibiotic property, but to its ability to reinforce the body’s own defence mechanism. Medical science began to realise then that here was a very remarkable plant indeed. After all, the immune system is one of the most important things in our body. Without its proper functioning, without a good defence mechanism, we could not survive. We are constantly subjected to the attacks of millions of germs. However, these agents can multiply and cause damage in the human body only if they find the breeding ground necessary for their survival and if the defence system is weak.

The immune system is weakened by our modern, unnatural way of life. It is therefore understandable that a herbal remedy such as Echinacea is gaining in stature.

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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – PROTECTION AGAINST MALARIA

Some time after the above experience, I travelled to the Amazon region and visited a jungle where malaria was rampant. I was accompanied on this study tour by a colleague who had been working with me in Peru, a man who was well acclimatised to South America.

I took the risk of travelling without malaria drugs, but I did take Echinacea tincture daily, about forty drops every morning and evening. During the first few days we put up a mosquito net, but in the native huts the mosquitoes were able to slip through the chinks in the bamboo floor. We even killed some blood-filled insects under the net.

My colleague had no confidence in Echinacea and declined to take any. Like myself, he must have been bitten hundreds of times. The area we visited around the Upper Maranon was notorious and feared for malaria. Although I was bitten all over, I was astonished that I did not once come down with a fever attack, whereas my colleague returned home with a bad case of the disease. Unfortunately, he had not taken any remedy. He believed that his sixteen years in Peru had made him immune to malaria. However, the area where he had been living, at our farm in Tarapoto, was malaria-free, unlike the Amazon region we visited on this occasion.

Thirty years later, a medical check-up brought to light that I had once had a malaria infection, which could only have been during this visit to the Maranon. As I had never suffered so much as a bout of fever or any other symptom of the disease, I came to the obvious conclusion that Echinacea may well help to prevent malaria.

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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – BLOOD POISONING CURED

One day I was cutting grass on a steep meadow when I hit my foot with the scythe. It was careless of me, but I did not immediately disinfect the cut, only bandaged it with a handkerchief and carried on with my work. Because of this negligence, it was not surprising when blood poisoning set in. Well now, I thought, this is a chance to put our herb to the test and see whether the Indians were right. I proceeded exactly the way Black Eagle had taught me. Already a long blue line was visible on the leg and higher up, in the groin, there was a swollen lymph node. So I covered the whole leg with a dressing of crushed Echinacea leaves. Furthermore, I chewed some and swallowed the juice. In fact, I ate the whole plant. Now came the surprise, for within quite a short time the inflammation and infection were gone. This experience convinced me that everything I had been told about Echinacea was true.

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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – THE TWO VARIETIES OF ECHINACEA

Then Black Eagle showed me this highly prized plant, or plants to be more exact. I discovered that it was the coneflower, Echinacea angustifolia and Echinacea purpurea. One of the two varieties, Echinacea angustifolia, has a tap root, and I still remember how deep I had to dig to get it out. The other variety has a rootstock and does not penetrate quite so deep into the earth.

The chief explained that both plants were equal in their effect. But having heard so many marvellous things about what this plant could do I began to think it was almost too good to be true. Still, I took some seeds back home with me and began to grow Echinacea in the Swiss lowlands as well as at an elevation of 1,600 m (4,500 feet); that was in Teufen and in Brail (in the Engadine), where I used to have a house with a large garden. At first, the plants were quite sensitive to the cold in the mountains, but I persevered for ten years until they became acclimatised and began to produce flowers.

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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – A SACRED PLANT

Even snake poison could be made ineffective with it. When someone was bitten by a poisonous snake, he told me, another person would suck the bite until blood began to flow. Of course, the attendant would spit the poison out. Next, the leaves and roots of the plant were chewed up, preferably by the unfortunate victim himself. The juice was swallowed but the masticated plant was applied to the bite and bandaged. This treatment was repeated at least twice, and then repeated again on the second and third day. By the fourth day, the effect of the poison would have disappeared and the victim would be out of danger.

These Indians used to do the same thing to treat injuries. Again, the masticated plant would be placed on the affected part, and a serious situation would never arise provided this plant was on hand and was applied immediately. Certain arrow poisons could be neutralised by the same method. And if one wanted to prevent susceptibility to colds and catarrh in bad and blustery weather, he only had to chew the leaves or roots of the plant. The ingested juice would build up resistance to everything we now call infectious diseases.

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A SELECTION OF MEDICINAL HERBS – PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA AND ANGUSTIFOLIA) – MY INTRODUCTION TO ECHINACEA 2

Black Eagle’s ideas about illness and disease were of great interest to me, and in this respect we discussed the importance of medicinal herbs as well as nutrition, or proper diet. He believed that the white man’s customs and habits had overtaxed the regenerative powers our Creator, or nature, had implanted in us and that he often had only himself to blame for the resulting diseases.

It was from Black Eagle that I learned about the curative effects of various plants growing in South Dakota, the home of his tribe. One plant in particular enjoyed his special appreciation. Considered as sacred, this medicinal herb had been a life-saver on many occasions. His ancestors, he said, used it to cure cases of blood poisoning.

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